Diesel mota exhaust treatment system
Diesel exhaust inoreva gasi rekuburitsa rinoburitswa neinjini yedhiziri mushure mekupisa dhiziri, iyo ine mazana emakomisheni akasiyana. Kubuda kwegasi uku hakungonhuwire zvisingaite, asiwo kunoita kuti vanhu vanzwe dzungu, kusvotwa, uye kunokanganisa hutano hwevanhu. Sekureva kwenyanzvi dzeWorld Health Organisation, kupera kweinjini yedhiziri ine carcinogenic zvakanyanya uye yakanyorwa seClass A carcinogen. Izvi zvinosvibisa zvinonyanya zvinosanganisira nitrogen oxides (NOx), hydrocarbons (HC), carbon monoxide (CO) uye particulate matter, nezvimwewo, izvo zvinonyanya kuburitswa kuburikidza nepedyo-ivhu, uye izvi zvinosvibisa zvinopinda mukufema turakiti nemumhino nemuromo, zvichikonzera. kukanganisa kuhutano hwevanhu.
Iko kuburitsa kukuru kweinjini dzedhiziri iPM (chedu chinhu) uye NOx, nepo CO neHC emissions yakadzikira. Kudzora kubuda kweinjini yedhiziri kunonyanya kusanganisira kudzora chizvarwa chechinhu PM uye NO, uye kuderedza kuburitsa kwakananga kwePM neNOx. Parizvino, kuti ugadzirise dambudziko remagetsi edhiziri, mhinduro zhinji dzehunyanzvi dzinotora EGR+DOC+DPF+SCR+ASC system.
EGR
EGR ndiyo chidimbu cheExhaust Gas Recirculation. Exhaust gas recirculation inoreva kudzorera chikamu cheexhaust gasi rinobuda kubva muinjini kuenda kune yakawandisa uye kupinda mucylinder zvakare nemusanganiswa mutsva. Sezvo gasi rekubuda ropa rine huwandu hukuru hwemagasi e polyatomic akadai se CO2, uye CO2 nemamwe magasi haakwanise kupiswa asi anotora huwandu hukuru hwekupisa nekuda kwekupisa kwavo kwakanyanya, kupisa kwakanyanya kwekupisa kwemusanganiswa muhumburumbira kunoderedzwa. , nokudaro kuderedza huwandu hweNOx yakagadzirwa.
DOC
DOC zita rakazara Diesel oxidation catalyst, ndiyo nhanho yekutanga yeiyo yese mushure mekurapa maitiro, kazhinji nhanho yekutanga yetatu-nhanho pombi yekuburitsa pombi, kazhinji ine simbi dzinokosha kana ceramics sechinhu chinotakura.
Basa guru reDOC ndere oxidize CO uye HC mumhepo inopisa, ichishandura kuti ive isina-chepfu uye isina kukuvadza C02 uye H2O. Panguva imwecheteyo, inogona zvakare kutora soluble organic zvikamu uye mamwe kabhoni particles, uye kuderedza kumwe PM kuburitsa. HAPANA yakashongedzwa kuNO2 (NO2 zvakare ndiyo sosi gasi reyakadzika maitiro). Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti kusarudzwa kwechigadziriso kwakabatana zvakanyanya neiyo dizeli yekupisa tembiricha, kana tembiricha iri pazasi 150 ° C, iyo catalyst haishande. Nekuwedzera kwekushisa, kushanduka kwekugadzirisa kwezvikamu zvikuru zvezvimedu zvekupedza kunowedzera zvishoma nezvishoma. Kana tembiricha yakakwira kupfuura 350 ° C, nekuda kwehuwandu hukuru hwekugadzira sulfate, asi wedzera chidimbu chinobuda, uye sulfate ichavhara pamusoro peiyo catalyst kudzikisa chiitiko uye kutendeuka kushanda kweiyo catalyst, saka kudiwatembiricha sensorskuongorora tembiricha yeDOC yekutora, apo tembiricha yeDOC inodarika 250 ° C mahydrocarbons anowanzo kudzima, kureva, kukwana oxidation reaction.
DPF
Zita rakazara reDPF ndiro Diesel Particle Filter, inova chikamu chechipiri chemashure ekurapwa uye zvakare chikamu chechipiri chetatu-nhanho yekupedza pombi. Basa rayo guru ndere kubata PM zvidimbu, uye kukwanisa kwayo kuderedza PM inenge 90%.
Particle Sefa inogona kunyatso kudzikisa kuburitswa kwechinhu chechikamu. Inotanga inobata zvinhu mugasi rekubuda. Nekufamba kwenguva, zvinhu zvakawandisa zvichaisa muDPF, uye mutsauko weDPF uchawedzera zvishoma nezvishoma. Thekusiyanisa kudzvinyirira sensor anogona kuiongorora. Kana mutsauko wekumanikidza ukapfuura imwe chikumbaridzo, zvinokonzeresa iyo DPF yekuvandudza maitiro kubvisa yakaunganidzwa zvinhu. Kudzokororwa kwemafirita kunoreva kuwedzera zvishoma nezvishoma kwechinhu chiri mumusungo panguva yekushanda kwenguva refu, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kuwedzera kweinjini yekumanikidza kumashure uye kukonzeresa kuderera kwekuita kweinjini. Naizvozvo, zvinodikanwa kuti ugare uchibvisa iyo yakaiswa mukati mechikamu uye kudzorera kusefa kwemusungo.
Kana tembiricha iri mumusungo wechikamu inosvika 550 ℃ uye huwandu hweokisijeni hwakakura kupfuura 5%, zvimedu zvakaiswa zvinopisa nekupisa. Kana tembiricha iri pasi pe550 ℃, ivhu rakawandisa rinovhara musungo. Thetembiricha sensor inotarisisa tembiricha yekutora yeDPF. Kana tembiricha isingaite zvinodiwa, chiratidzo chinodzoserwa. Panguva ino, magetsi ekunze (akadai semagetsi emagetsi, zvinopisa, kana shanduko mumamiriro ekushanda kweinjini) zvinoda kushandiswa kuwedzera tembiricha mukati meDPF uye kuita kuti zvidimbu zviwedzere uye kupisa.
SCR
SCR inomirira Selective Catalytic Reduction, chidimbu cheSelective Catalytic Reduction system. Ichowo chikamu chekupedzisira mupombi yekupedza. Inoshandisa urea sechinhu chinoderedza uye inoshandisa chigadziro chekugadzirisa makemikari neNOx kushandura NOx muN2 uye H2O.
Iyo SCR system inoshandisa jekiseni system ine compressed mweya rubatsiro. Iyo urea solution yekupa pombi ine yakavakirwa-mukati dhizaini inogona kudzora yemukati urea mhinduro yekupa pombi uye yakadzvanywa mhepo solenoid vharafu kushanda zvinoenderana neyakagadzika maitiro. Iyo jekiseni controller (DCU) inotaurirana neinjini ECU kuburikidza neCAN bhazi kuti iwane injini inoshanda paramita, uyezve inopa inoshandura tembiricha inoshandura chiratidzo zvichienderana nehigh tembiricha sensor , inoverengera huwandu hwejekiseni reurea, uye inodzora urea solution yekupa pombi kuti ibaye huwandu hwakakodzera hweurea kuburikidza nebhazi reCAN. Mukati mepombi yekupedza. Basa remhepo yakamanikidzwa kutakura urea yakapimwa kuenda nayo kumuromo, kuitira kuti urea igone kuzara atomize mushure mekupfapfaidzwa nemumuromo.
ASC
ASC Ammonia Slip Catalyst ndiyo chidimbu cheammonia slip catalyst. Nekuda kwekudonhedza kweurea uye kushomeka kwekuita zvakanaka, ammonia inogadzirwa nekuora urea inogona kuburitswa yakananga mumhepo pasina kutora chikamu mukuita. Izvi zvinoda kuiswa kweASC zvishandiso kudzivirira kupukunyuka kweammonia.
Iyo ASC inowanzoiswa kumucheto kumashure kweSCR, uye inoshandisa iyo catalyst coating senge simbi dzinokosha pamadziro emukati memutakuri kuti akonzerese REDOX reaction, iyo inobata NH3 muN2 isingakuvadzi.
Temp sensor
Inoshandiswa kuyera tembiricha yekubuda panzvimbo dzakasiyana pane catalyst, kusanganisira tembiricha yekudya yeDOC (inowanzo kunzi T4 tembiricha), DPF (inowanzo kunzi T5 tembiricha), SCR (inowanzo kunzi T6 tembiricha), uye catalyst. kupera kwe tailpipe tembiricha (inowanzo kunzi T7 tembiricha). Panguva imwecheteyo, chiratidzo chinoenderana chinotumirwa kuECU, iyo inoita inoenderana yekuvandudza zano uye urea jekiseni zano zvichienderana nemhinduro data kubva kune sensor. Simba rayo rekupa magetsi i5V, uye tembiricha yekuyera chiyero chiri pakati -40 ℃ uye 900 ℃.
Differential pressure sensor
Iyo inoshandiswa kuona iyo inopera yekumashure kumanikidza pakati peiyo DPF mhepo yekupinza uye yekubuda mune inoshandura inoshandura, uye kuendesa iyo inoenderana chiratidzo kuECU yekushanda kwekutonga kweDPF uye OBD yekutarisa. Simba rayo rekupa magetsi ndeye 5V, uye nharaunda yekushanda Iyo tembiricha ndeye -40 ~ 130 ℃.
Masensors anoita basa rakakosha mumotokari yedhiziri ekupera simba masisitimu ekurapa, kubatsira kutarisa uye kudzora kuburitswa kunosangana nemirairo yezvakatipoteredza uye kugadzirisa mhepo. Sensors inopa dhata pamusoro pekupisa tembiricha, kudzvanywa, mazinga eokisijeni uye nitrogen oxides (NOx), iyo injini inodzora unit (ECU) inoshandisa kukwidziridza maitiro ekupisa, kunatsiridza kushanda kwemafuta uye kuwedzera hupenyu hwemagadzirirwo emagetsi.
Sezvo indasitiri yemotokari ichiramba ichitarisa kudzikisa kuburitswa uye kuvandudza hunhu hwemhepo, kusimudzira nekubatanidzwa kwema sensors epamusoro kwakakosha pakuzadzisa zvinangwa izvi.