Ukuthunyelwa kwe-5G kwezinhlelo zokusebenza zemojula ye-optical
I-5th Generation Mobile Communication Technology efushanisiwe njenge-5G, isizukulwane esisha sobuchwepheshe bezokuxhumana beselula obunezimpawu zejubane eliphezulu, ukubambezeleka okuphansi, nokuxhumana okukhulu. Ingqalasizinda yezokuxhumana ye-5G ingqalasizinda yenethiwekhi yokufeza ukuxhumana komshini womuntu nezinto.
I-International Telecommunication Union (ITU) ichaza izimo ezintathu ezinkulu zesicelo se-5G, okuyi-Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB), i-Ultra Reliable Low Latency Communication (urRLLC), kanye Nohlobo Lomshini Lokuxhumanisa olukhulu (mMTC). I-EMBB ihloselwe kakhulu ukukhula okushisayo kwethrafikhi ye-inthanethi yeselula, ihlinzeka ngolwazi oludlulele kakhulu lohlelo kubasebenzisi be-inthanethi beselula; I-urLLC ihloselwe kakhulu izinhlelo zokusebenza zemboni ezima mpo ezifana nokulawulwa kwezimboni, i-telemedicine, nokushayela ngokuzenzakalelayo, okunezidingo eziphakeme kakhulu zokubambezeleka kwesikhathi nokuthembeka; I-mMTC ihloselwe kakhulu izinhlelo zokusebenza ezifana namadolobha ahlakaniphile, amakhaya ahlakaniphile, nokuqapha kwemvelo okuqondiswe kokuzwa nokuqoqwa kwedatha.
Ngokuqhubeka okuqhubekayo kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe, inethiwekhi ye-5G isibe ngesinye sezihloko ezishisayo emkhakheni wezokuxhumana wanamuhla. Ubuchwepheshe be-5G ngeke businikeze kuphela isivinini sokudlulisa idatha esisheshayo, kodwa futhi busekele ukuxhumana okwengeziwe phakathi kwamadivayisi, ngaleyo ndlela kudaleke amathuba engeziwe emadolobheni ahlakaniphile esikhathi esizayo, izimoto ezizimele kanye ne-inthanethi Yezinto. Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kwenethiwekhi ye-5G, kukhona ubuchwepheshe obuningi obubalulekile nokusekelwa kwemishini, enye yazo imojula ye-optical.
I-module ye-optical iyingxenye eyinhloko yokuxhumana kwe-optical, okuqeda ngokuyinhloko ukuguqulwa kwe-photoelectric, ukuphela kokuthumela kuguqula isignali kagesi ibe isignali ye-optical, futhi ukuphela kokuthola kuguqula isignali ye-optical ibe isignali kagesi. Njengedivayisi eyinhloko, imojula ye-optical isetshenziswa kabanzi emishinini yokuxhumana futhi iyisihluthulelo sokuqaphela umkhawulokudonsa ophezulu, ukubambezeleka okuphansi nokuxhumeka okubanzi kwe-5G.
Ukuxhumeka kwesiteshi okuyisisekelo: Iziteshi eziyisisekelo ze-5G ngokuvamile zitholakala ezakhiweni eziphakeme kakhulu, emibhoshongweni yezokuxhumana, nakwezinye izindawo, futhi zidinga ukudlulisa idatha ngokushesha nangokuthembekile kumadivayisi omsebenzisi. Amamojula we-Optical angahlinzeka ngokudluliswa kwedatha yesivinini esikhulu futhi ephansi, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi abasebenzisi bangakwazi ukufinyelela izinsizakalo zokuxhumana eziphezulu.
Ukuxhumana kwesikhungo sedatha: Izikhungo zedatha zingagcina futhi zicubungule inani elikhulu ledatha ukuze zihlangabezane nezidingo zabasebenzisi. Amamojula okubona asetshenziselwa ukuxhuma phakathi kwezikhungo zedatha ezihlukene, kanye naphakathi kwezikhungo zedatha neziteshi eziyisisekelo, okuqinisekisa ukuthi idatha ingadluliselwa ngokushesha nangempumelelo.
Isakhiwo jikelele samanethiwekhi okuxhumana o-opharetha bezokuxhumana ngokuvamile sihlanganisa amanethiwekhi angomgogodla kanye namanethiwekhi endawo yedolobha elikhulu. Inethiwekhi yomgogodla iyinethiwekhi ewumongo yesisebenzisi, futhi inethiwekhi yendawo yedolobha elikhulu ingahlukaniswa ngokwesendlalelo esiyinhloko, isendlalelo sokuhlanganisa, nesendlalelo sokufinyelela. Opharetha be-Telecom bakha inombolo enkulu yeziteshi eziyisisekelo zokuxhumana kungqimba yokufinyelela, ehlanganisa amasignali enethiwekhi ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene, okuvumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bafinyelele inethiwekhi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, iziteshi eziyisisekelo zokuxhumana zidlulisela idatha yomsebenzisi emuva kunethiwekhi yomgogodla yabaqhubi bezokuxhumana ngocingo oluhlanganisa ungqimba lwedolobha elikhulu kanye nenethiwekhi yesendlalelo esiyinhloko.
Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zomkhawulokudonsa ophezulu, ukubambezeleka okuphansi, kanye nokufakwa okubanzi, ukwakheka kwenethiwekhi yokufinyelela okungenantambo ye-5G (RAN) kuvele kusakhiwo esinamazinga amabili we-4G baseband processing unit (BBU) kanye neyunithi yokukhipha imvamisa yomsakazo ( RRU) kusakhiwo esinamazinga amathathu eyunithi emaphakathi (CU), iyunithi esabalalisiwe (DU), kanye neyunithi ye-antenna esebenzayo (AAU). Imishini yesiteshi sesisekelo se-5G ihlanganisa imishini yokuqala ye-RRU kanye nemishini ye-antenna ye-4G ibe yimishini entsha ye-AAU, kuyilapho ihlukanisa imishini yasekuqaleni ye-BBU ye-4G ku-DU kanye ne-CU imishini. Kunethiwekhi yenkampani yenethiwekhi ye-5G, amadivayisi we-AAU ne-DU enza ukudluliselwa phambili, amadivayisi we-DU ne-CU enza ukudluliselwa okuphakathi, kanti i-CU kanye nenethiwekhi yomgogodla yenza i-backhaul.
Izakhiwo ezisezingeni ezintathu ezisetshenziswa iziteshi eziyisisekelo ze-5G zengeza ungqimba lwesixhumanisi sokudlulisa optical uma kuqhathaniswa nesakhiwo sezinga lesibili leziteshi eziyisisekelo ze-4G, futhi inani lamachweba optical liyakhula, ngakho isidingo samamojula optical siyanda.
1. I-Metro Access Layer:
Isendlalelo sokufinyelela kwe-metro, i-module ye-optical isetshenziselwa ukuxhuma iziteshi eziyisisekelo ze-5G namanethiwekhi okudlulisela, ukusekela ukudluliswa kwedatha yesivinini kanye nokuxhumana okuphansi kwe-latency. Izimo zohlelo lokusebenza ezijwayelekile zifaka ukuxhumana okuqondile kwe-fiber optical kanye ne-WDM engenzi lutho.
2. Isendlalelo se-Metropolitan Convergence:
Kusendlalelo sokuhlangana kwe-metropolitan, amamojula abonakalayo asetshenziselwa ukuhlanganisa ithrafikhi yedatha kuzingqimba eziningi zokufinyelela ukuze kuhlinzekwe ukudluliswa kwedatha okunomkhawulokudonsa ophezulu kanye nokuthembeka okuphezulu. Udinga ukusekela amanani okudlulisela aphezulu kanye nokufakwa, okufana no-100Gb/s, 200Gb/s, 400Gb/s, njll.
3. Isendlalelo esiyinhloko se-Metropolitan/Umugqa weTrunk Wesifundazwe:
Ku-core layer kanye ne-trunk line transmission, amamojula abonakalayo enza imisebenzi emikhulu yokudluliswa kwedatha, edinga isivinini esikhulu, ukudluliswa kwebanga elide kanye nobuchwepheshe obunamandla bokushintsha isignali, njengamamojula e-DWDM optical.
1. Ukwenyuka kwezinga lokudlulisela:
Ngezidingo zesivinini esikhulu samanethiwekhi we-5G, amazinga okudlulisela amamojula optical adinga ukufinyelela amazinga we-25Gb / s, 50Gb / s, 100Gb / s noma ngaphezulu ukuze ahlangabezane nezidingo zokudluliswa kwedatha ephezulu.
2. Zivumelanisa nezimo zohlelo lokusebenza ezahlukene:
Imojula ye-optical idinga ukudlala indima ezimweni ezihlukene zohlelo lokusebenza, okuhlanganisa iziteshi eziyisisekelo zasendlini, iziteshi ezisekelwe ngaphandle, izindawo zasemadolobheni, njll., nezici zemvelo ezifana nebanga lokushisa, ukuvimbela uthuli nokuvimbela amanzi kudingeka kucatshangelwe.
3. Izindleko eziphansi nokusebenza kahle okuphezulu:
Ukuthunyelwa okukhulu kwamanethiwekhi e-5G kubangela isidingo esikhulu samamojula optical, ngakho-ke izindleko eziphansi nokusebenza kahle okuphezulu kuyizidingo ezibalulekile. Ngokusungula izinto ezintsha zobuchwepheshe kanye nokwenza ngcono inqubo, izindleko zokukhiqiza amamojula optical ziyancishiswa, futhi ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza namandla kuyathuthukiswa.
4. Ukuthembeka okuphezulu kanye nebanga lokushisa lezinga lezimboni:
Amamojula okubona kumanethiwekhi okuthwala i-5G adinga ukuthembeka okuphezulu futhi akwazi ukusebenza ngokuzinza kumazinga okushisa aqinile ezimbonini (-40 ℃ kuya ku+85 ℃) ukuze azivumelanise nezimo ezihlukahlukene zokuphakelwa kanye nezimo zohlelo lokusebenza.
5. Ukuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kokubona:
Imojula ye-optical idinga ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwayo kokubona ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukudluliswa okuzinzile kanye nokwamukelwa kwekhwalithi ephezulu kwamasignali okukhanya, okuhlanganisa ukuthuthukiswa kokulahlekelwa kokubona, ukuzinza kwe-wavelength, ubuchwepheshe bokumodulation, nezinye izici.
Kuleli phepha, amamojula optical asetshenziswa ku-5G phambili, izinhlelo zokusebenza ezimaphakathi ne-backpass zethulwa ngokuhlelekile. Amamojula we-optical asetshenziswe ku-5G phambili, izinhlelo zokusebenza ezimaphakathi kanye ne-backpass zinikeza abasebenzisi bokugcina ukukhetha okungcono kakhulu kwejubane eliphezulu, ukubambezeleka okuphansi, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi kanye nezindleko eziphansi. Kumanethiwekhi abathwali be-5G, amamojula optical, njengengxenye ebalulekile yengqalasizinda, enza imisebenzi ebalulekile yokudlulisa idatha kanye nemisebenzi yokuxhumana. Ngokuthandwa nokuthuthukiswa kwamanethiwekhi we-5G, amamojula we-optical azoqhubeka ebhekana nezidingo eziphezulu zokusebenza kanye nezinselele zohlelo lokusebenza, ezidinga ukuqamba okusha okuqhubekayo kanye nenqubekelaphambili ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zamanethiwekhi okuxhumana esikhathini esizayo.
Kanye nokuthuthukiswa okusheshayo kwamanethiwekhi e-5G, ubuchwepheshe bemojula ye-optical nabo buthuthuka ngokuqhubekayo. Ngikholwa ukuthi amamojula azayo azoba mancane, asebenze kahle, futhi akwazi ukusekela isivinini sokudluliswa kwedatha. Ingakwazi ukuhlangabezana nesidingo esikhulayo samanethiwekhi e-5G ngenkathi yehlisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla futhi inciphisa umthelela wamanethiwekhi okuxhumana emvelweni. Njengomhlinzeki wemojula ye-optical ochwepheshe,Inkampaniizogqugquzela ukuqamba okusha kubuchwepheshe be-optical module futhi isebenze ndawonye ukuze inikeze ukwesekwa okuqinile kwempumelelo nokuthuthukiswa okusimeme kwamanethiwekhi e-5G.