5G tura aikace-aikacen module na gani
Fasahar Sadarwa ta Wayar hannu ta 5th Generation wacce aka gajarta da 5G, sabon ƙarni ne na fasahar sadarwa ta wayar hannu da ke da halaye masu saurin gudu, ƙarancin latency, da babban haɗin gwiwa. Hanyoyin sadarwa na 5G shine hanyoyin sadarwa don cimma na'ura da na'ura na mutum da haɗin kai.
Ƙungiyar Sadarwa ta Duniya (ITU) ta bayyana manyan yanayin aikace-aikace guda uku don 5G, wato Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB), Ultra Reliable Low Latency Communication (urLLC), da kuma babban Nau'in Sadarwa (mMTC). eMBB yana nufin haɓaka haɓakar zirga-zirgar Intanet ta wayar hannu, yana ba da ƙarin ƙwarewar aikace-aikacen ga masu amfani da Intanet ta hannu; uRLLC galibi ana nufin aikace-aikacen masana'antu a tsaye kamar sarrafa masana'antu, telemedicine, da tuki masu zaman kansu, waɗanda ke da manyan buƙatu don jinkirin lokaci da dogaro; mMTC yana nufin aikace-aikace kamar garuruwa masu wayo, gidaje masu wayo, da sa ido kan muhalli waɗanda ke niyya don ganowa da tattara bayanai.
Tare da ci gaban kimiyya da fasaha, hanyar sadarwar 5G ta zama daya daga cikin batutuwan da suka fi daukar hankali a fagen sadarwa a yau. Fasahar 5G ba kawai za ta samar mana da saurin canja wurin bayanai ba, har ma tana tallafawa ƙarin haɗin gwiwa tsakanin na'urori, don haka samar da ƙarin dama ga birane masu wayo, motoci masu cin gashin kansu da kuma Intanet na Abubuwa. Koyaya, a bayan hanyar sadarwar 5G, akwai manyan fasahohi masu mahimmanci da tallafin kayan aiki, ɗaya daga cikinsu shine ƙirar gani.
Modulu na gani shine ainihin sashin sadarwa na gani, wanda galibi yana kammala canjin hoto, ƙarshen aikawa yana canza siginar lantarki zuwa siginar gani, kuma ƙarshen karɓa yana canza siginar gani zuwa siginar lantarki. A matsayin ainihin na'urar, ana amfani da na'urar gani sosai a cikin kayan sadarwa kuma shine mabuɗin don gane babban bandwidth, ƙarancin jinkiri da haɗin haɗin 5G mai faɗi.
Haɗin tashar tushe: Tashoshin tushe na 5G galibi suna cikin manyan gine-gine, hasumiya na sadarwa, da sauran wurare, kuma suna buƙatar isar da bayanai cikin sauri da dogaro ga na'urorin masu amfani. Na'urori masu gani na gani na iya samar da saurin watsa bayanai mai sauri da ƙarancin jinkiri, tabbatar da cewa masu amfani za su iya samun damar sabis na sadarwa mai inganci.
Haɗin cibiyar bayanai: Cibiyoyin bayanai na iya adanawa da sarrafa bayanai masu yawa don biyan buƙatun mai amfani. Ana amfani da na'urorin gani don haɗawa tsakanin cibiyoyin bayanai daban-daban, da kuma tsakanin cibiyoyin bayanai da tashoshi masu tushe, tabbatar da cewa za a iya canja wurin bayanai cikin sauri da inganci.
Gabaɗayan tsarin hanyoyin sadarwar sadarwa don masu gudanar da sadarwa yawanci sun haɗa da cibiyoyin sadarwar kashin baya da cibiyoyin sadarwa na yanki na birni. Cibiyar sadarwar kashin baya ita ce cibiyar sadarwar afareta, kuma cibiyar sadarwar yankin za a iya raba ta zuwa babban Layer, Layer aggregation, da Layer access. Ma'aikatan sadarwa suna gina babban adadin tashoshin sadarwa a cikin layin shiga, suna rufe siginar sadarwa zuwa wurare daban-daban, baiwa masu amfani damar shiga hanyar sadarwar. A lokaci guda kuma, tashoshin sadarwa suna aika bayanan mai amfani da baya zuwa cibiyar sadarwar kashin baya na masu gudanar da sadarwa ta hanyar tarawar babban birni da cibiyar sadarwa ta core Layer.
Domin biyan buƙatun babban bandwidth, rashin jinkiri, da faffadan ɗaukar hoto, tsarin 5G mara igiyar waya ta hanyar sadarwa (RAN) ya samo asali daga tsarin matakai biyu na 4G baseband sarrafa naúrar (BBU) da naúrar fitar da mitar rediyo ( RRU) zuwa tsarin matakai uku na naúrar tsakiya (CU), naúrar rarraba (DU), da naúrar eriya mai aiki (AAU). Kayan aikin tashar 5G yana haɗa kayan aikin RRU na asali da kayan aikin eriya na 4G a cikin sabon kayan aikin AAU, yayin da ke raba kayan aikin BBU na asali na 4G zuwa kayan aikin DU da CU. A cikin hanyar sadarwa mai ɗaukar hoto na 5G, na'urorin AAU da DU suna samar da watsawa ta gaba, na'urorin DU da CU suna samar da tsaka-tsakin watsawa, kuma CU da cibiyar sadarwa na baya suna samar da baya.
Gine-gine na matakai uku da tashoshin tushe na 5G ke amfani da shi yana ƙara layin hanyar sadarwa na gani idan aka kwatanta da gine-ginen mataki na biyu na tashoshin tushe na 4G, kuma adadin tashoshin jiragen ruwa yana ƙaruwa, don haka buƙatun na'urorin na gani shima yana ƙaruwa.
1. Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Metro
Layer damar shiga metro, ana amfani da na'urar gani don haɗa tashoshin tushe na 5G da hanyoyin sadarwa na watsawa, suna tallafawa watsa bayanai mai sauri da ƙarancin latency. Yanayin aikace-aikacen gama gari sun haɗa da haɗin fiber na gani kai tsaye da WDM m.
2. Layin Haɗin Kan Babban Birni:
A Layer convergence Layer na birni, ana amfani da na'urori masu gani don tara zirga-zirgar bayanai a wurare masu yawa don samar da babban bandwidth da watsa bayanai masu inganci. Bukatar tallafawa ƙimar watsawa mafi girma da ɗaukar hoto, kamar 100Gb/s, 200Gb/s, 400Gb/s, da sauransu.
3. Babban Layer Layer/Layin Gangar Lardi:
A cikin babban Layer da watsa layin gangar jikin, na'urorin gani na gani suna aiwatar da ayyukan watsa bayanai mafi girma, suna buƙatar babban gudu, watsa nisa mai ƙarfi da fasahar daidaita sigina, kamar na'urorin gani na DWDM.
1. Ƙara yawan watsawa:
Tare da buƙatun sauri na hanyoyin sadarwa na 5G, ƙimar watsawar na'urori masu gani suna buƙatar isa matakan 25Gb/s, 50Gb/s, 100Gb/s ko ma mafi girma don saduwa da buƙatun watsa bayanai masu ƙarfi.
2. Daidaita da yanayin aikace-aikacen daban-daban:
Tsarin gani na gani yana buƙatar taka rawa a yanayin aikace-aikacen daban-daban, gami da tashoshi na cikin gida, tashoshin tushe na waje, yanayin birni, da sauransu, da abubuwan muhalli kamar kewayon zafin jiki, rigakafin ƙura da hana ruwa.
3. Karancin farashi da inganci mai yawa:
Babban jigilar hanyoyin sadarwa na 5G yana haifar da babban buƙatun na'urorin gani, don haka ƙarancin farashi da inganci shine mahimman buƙatu. Ta hanyar haɓaka fasahar fasaha da haɓaka tsari, ana rage farashin masana'anta na na'urorin gani, kuma ana haɓaka haɓakar samarwa da iya aiki.
4. Babban aminci da kewayon yanayin zafin masana'antu:
Na'urorin gani a cikin cibiyoyin sadarwar masu ɗaukar nauyin 5G suna buƙatar samun dogaro mai ƙarfi kuma su sami damar yin aiki da ƙarfi a cikin matsanancin yanayin zafin masana'antu (-40 ℃ zuwa + 85 ℃) don dacewa da yanayin turawa daban-daban da yanayin aikace-aikacen.
5. Inganta aikin gani:
Tsarin na'urar gani yana buƙatar haɓaka aikinta na gani don tabbatar da ingantaccen watsawa da ingantaccen karɓar sigina na gani, gami da haɓaka asara na gani, kwanciyar hankali tsawon tsayi, fasahar daidaitawa, da sauran fannoni.
A cikin wannan takarda, na'urorin gani da aka yi amfani da su a cikin 5G gaba, tsaka-tsaki da aikace-aikacen baya an gabatar da su cikin tsari. Na'urorin gani da aka yi amfani da su a cikin 5G gaba, tsaka-tsaki da aikace-aikace na baya suna samar da masu amfani da ƙarshen tare da mafi kyawun zaɓi na babban sauri, ƙananan jinkiri, ƙarancin wutar lantarki da ƙananan farashi. A cikin cibiyoyin sadarwa na 5G, na'urorin gani, a matsayin muhimmin sashi na abubuwan more rayuwa, suna aiwatar da mahimman watsa bayanai da ayyukan sadarwa. Tare da yaɗawa da haɓaka hanyoyin sadarwar 5G, na'urorin gani za su ci gaba da fuskantar manyan buƙatun aiki da ƙalubalen aikace-aikacen, suna buƙatar ci gaba da ƙira da ci gaba don biyan bukatun hanyoyin sadarwar sadarwa na gaba.
Tare da saurin bunƙasa hanyoyin sadarwar 5G, fasahar ƙirar ƙirar ma'ana tana ci gaba da ci gaba. Na yi imani cewa na'urorin gani na gaba za su zama ƙarami, mafi inganci, kuma za su iya tallafawa saurin watsa bayanai mafi girma. Zai iya biyan buƙatun ci gaba na hanyoyin sadarwa na 5G tare da rage yawan amfani da makamashi da kuma rage tasirin hanyoyin sadarwa akan muhalli. A matsayin ƙwararren mai ba da kayan gani na gani,kamfaninza su inganta ƙarin ƙirƙira a cikin fasahar ƙirar gani da kuma yin aiki tare don ba da tallafi mai ƙarfi don nasara da ci gaba mai dorewa na hanyoyin sadarwar 5G.