Kukula kwa ma module optical

Mu maukonde olumikizirana owoneka bwino, ma module a optical amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri. Ili ndi udindo wotembenuza ma siginecha amagetsi kukhala ma siginecha owoneka ndikusintha ma siginecha olandilidwa kuti akhalenso ma siginecha amagetsi, potero kumaliza kutumiza ndi kulandira deta. Choncho, ma modules optical ndi teknoloji yofunikira kwambiri yolumikizira ndi kukwaniritsa kufalitsa kwa deta mofulumira kwambiri.

Ndi chitukuko cha luntha lochita kupanga, mpikisano wamagetsi apakompyuta wakhala malo atsopano omenyera nkhondo pakati pamakampani aukadaulo. Monga gawo lofunikira la optical fiber communication, optical modules ndi zipangizo za optoelectronic zomwe zimazindikira kutembenuka kwa photoelectric ndi kutembenuka kwa electro-optical conversion mu njira yotumizira ma signal optical, ndipo ntchito yawo imakhudza mwachindunji machitidwe a AI.

Ma module a Optical akhala zinthu zofunika kwambiri pakompyuta ya AI kuwonjezera pa GPU, HBM, makhadi amtaneti, ndi ma switch. Tikudziwa kuti mitundu ikuluikulu imafunikira mphamvu zamakompyuta kuti zitheke ndikusanthula zambiri. Optical communication network imapereka njira yotumizira deta yothamanga kwambiri komanso yothandiza, yomwe ndi maziko ofunikira komanso maziko olimba kuti athe kuthandizira kufunikira kwakukulu kwa makompyuta.

Pa Novembara 30, 2022, ChatGPT idatulutsidwa, ndipo kuyambira pamenepo, chidwi chapadziko lonse chamitundu yayikulu chafalikira. Posachedwapa, Sora, chitsanzo chachikulu cha mavidiyo a chikhalidwe ndi zachilengedwe, adayambitsa chidwi cha msika, ndipo kufunikira kwa mphamvu zamakompyuta kukuwonetsa kukula kwachitukuko. yawonjezeka kawiri pa miyezi 3-4, ndipo kuyambira 2012, mphamvu ya kompyuta ya AI yakula ndi nthawi zoposa 300000. Ubwino wachilengedwe wa ma optical modules mosakayikira umakwaniritsa zosowa za AI potengera magwiridwe antchito apamwamba apakompyuta komanso kukulitsa ntchito.

Optical module ili ndi liwiro lalitali komanso mawonekedwe otsika a latency, omwe angapereke mphamvu zamphamvu zogwirira ntchito ndikuwonetsetsa kuti kufalitsa deta kukuyenda bwino. Ndipo bandwidth ya module ya optical ndi yayikulu, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti imatha kukonza zambiri nthawi imodzi. Mtunda wautali wotumizira umapangitsa kuti kusinthana kwa data kukhale kofulumira kwambiri pakati pa malo opangira deta, zomwe zimathandiza kupanga makina apakompyuta a AI ndikulimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito teknoloji ya AI m'madera ambiri.

M'zaka ziwiri zapitazi, motsogozedwa ndi funde la AI, mtengo wagawo wa Nvidia wakwera. Choyamba, kumapeto kwa Meyi 2023, ndalama zamsika zidapitilira chizindikiro cha dollar trilioni koyamba. Kumayambiriro kwa 2024, idafika pachimake cha $ 2 thililiyoni pamtengo wamsika.

Tchipisi za Nvidia zikugulitsa ngati wamisala. Malinga ndi lipoti lake laposachedwa la kotala lachinayi, ndalama zapachaka zidafika $22.1 biliyoni, kukwera 22% kuchokera pagawo lachitatu ndi 265% kuyambira nthawi yomweyi chaka chatha, ndipo phindu linakwera 769%, kumenya kwambiri zomwe akatswiri amayembekezera. Mu data ya ndalama za Nvidia, malo osungiramo data mosakayikira ndi dipatimenti yowala kwambiri. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, malonda a gawo lachinayi la magawo anayi a AI adakwera kufika pa $ 18.4 biliyoni kuchokera pa $ 3.6 biliyoni chaka chatha, chiwongoladzanja chapachaka choposa 400 peresenti.

Ndipo mogwirizana ndi kukula kodabwitsa kwa Nvidia, mothandizidwa ndi funde lanzeru zopanga, mabizinesi ena apakhomo optical module achita bwino. Zhongji Xuchuang adapeza ndalama zokwana yuan biliyoni 10.725 mu 2023, kuwonjezeka kwa chaka ndi 11.23%; Phindu lonse linali 2.181 biliyoni ya yuan, kuwonjezeka kwa chaka ndi 78.19%. Kuyankhulana kwa Tianfu kunapeza ndalama zokwana 1.939 biliyoni mu 2023, kuwonjezeka kwa chaka ndi chaka ndi 62.07%; Phindu lonse linali 730 miliyoni yuan, kuwonjezeka kwa chaka ndi 81.14%.

Kuphatikiza pa kuchuluka kwa kufunikira kwa ma module opangidwa mu intelligence intelligence AI computing mphamvu, kufunikira kwa zomangamanga za data center kukukulirakulira.

Kuchokera pamalingaliro a zomangamanga za data center network, kutengera mayankho omwe alipo a 100G, kukumana ndi ma network osatsekeka a malo amtundu womwewo kumafuna kuwonjezera madoko, malo opangira ma seva ndi masinthidwe, ndi malo ochulukirapo a seva. Zothetsera izi sizotsika mtengo ndipo zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kuwonjezeka kwa geometric muzovuta za zomangamanga.

Kusamuka kuchokera ku 100G kupita ku 400G ndi njira yotsika mtengo yopangira bandwidth yowonjezereka m'malo opangira deta, komanso kuchepetsa zovuta za zomangamanga.

Kuneneratu kwa msika kwa 400G komanso ma module othamanga kwambiri

Malinga ndi kuneneratu kwa Light Counting kwa 400G ndi 800G zokhudzana ndi zinthu, mndandanda wa SR/FR ndiye chinthu chachikulu chokulirapo cha malo opangira ma data ndi malo a intaneti:

Zikunenedweratu kuti ma 400G rate optical modules adzagwiritsidwa ntchito pamlingo wa 2023, ndipo adzalandira ndalama zambiri zogulitsa ma modules optical (40G ndi pamwamba pa mitengo) mu 2025:

Deta ikuphatikiza zonse za ICP ndi mabizinesi

Ku China, Alibaba, Baidu, JD, Byte, Kwai ndi ena opanga ma intaneti apanyumba, ngakhale mamangidwe apano a malo awo osungira akadali oyendetsedwa ndi madoko a 25G kapena 56G, kukonzekera kwa m'badwo wotsatira kumalozera ku 112G SerDes yochokera kumagetsi othamanga kwambiri. mawonekedwe.

Ndi kupita patsogolo kosalekeza kwa sayansi ndi ukadaulo, maukonde a 5G akhala amodzi mwamitu yotentha kwambiri masiku ano. Ukadaulo wa 5G sudzangotipatsa liwiro losamutsa deta, komanso umathandizira kulumikizana kochulukirapo pakati pa zida, potero kupanga mwayi wambiri wamizinda yamtsogolo yanzeru, magalimoto odziyimira pawokha komanso intaneti yazinthu. Komabe, kumbuyo kwa intaneti ya 5G, pali matekinoloje ambiri ofunikira ndi zida zothandizira, imodzi mwa izo ndi module ya kuwala.

Gawo lapamwamba la bandwidth Optical module lidzagwiritsidwa ntchito kulumikiza DU ndi AAU ya 5G RF remote base station. Munthawi ya 4G, BBU inali gawo lopangira ma baseband pamasiteshoni oyambira, pomwe RRU inali gawo lawayilesi. Pofuna kuchepetsa kutaya kwa kufalikira pakati pa BBU ndi RRU, optical fiber connection, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti front transmission scheme, inkagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri. Munthawi ya 5G, maukonde opanda zingwe adzakhala okhazikika pamtambo, okhala ndi ma network opanda zingwe apakati (C-RAN) .C-RAN imapereka njira ina yatsopano komanso yothandiza. Othandizira amatha kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa zida zomwe zimafunikira pa siteshoni iliyonse yam'manja kudzera pa C-RAN ndikupereka ntchito monga CU cloud deployment, resource virtualization into pool, and network scalability.

Kutumiza kutsogolo kwa 5G kudzagwiritsa ntchito ma module owoneka bwino. Pakalipano, malo oyambira a 4G LTE amagwiritsa ntchito ma module a 10G. Mawonekedwe apamwamba kwambiri komanso mawonekedwe apamwamba a bandwidth a 5G, kuphatikiza kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa MassiveMIMO, zimafunikira kulumikizana kopitilira muyeso kopitilira muyeso. Pakalipano, C-RAN ikuyesera kuchepetsa liwiro la mawonekedwe a CPRI mwa kusuntha gawo la thupi la DU kupita ku gawo la AAU, motero kuchepetsa kufunikira kwa ma modules optical high bandwidth ndikupangitsa kuti 25G / 100G optical modules ikwaniritse zofunikira za ultra-high bandwidth transmission. za kulumikizana kwamtsogolo kwa 5G "high-frequency". Choncho, pomanga tsogolo la C-RAN framework base stations, 100G optical modules adzakhala ndi kuthekera kwakukulu.

Kutumiza kwa 5G base station

Kuwonjezeka kwa chiwerengero: Mu dongosolo lachikhalidwe loyambira ndi DU imodzi yolumikiza 3 AAU, ma module 12 optical amafunikira; Adapted morphism kufunikira kwa base station optical module yaukadaulo wofikira pafupipafupi kudzachulukirachulukira. Tikuganiza kuti mu chiwembu ichi, DU imodzi imalumikiza 5 AAU, ma module 20 optical amafunikira.

Chidule:

Malinga ndi LightCounting, pakati paogulitsa apamwamba kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi mu 2010, panali wopanga m'modzi yekha, Wuhan Telecom Devices. Mu 2022, chiwerengero cha opanga ku China omwe ali pamndandandawo chinakwera kufika pa 7, ndi Zhongji Xuchuang ndi Coherent atamangidwa pamwamba; Opanga aku China awonjezera gawo lawo pamsika muzinthu zowoneka bwino ndi ma module kuchokera 15% mu 2010 mpaka 50% mu 2021.

Pakali pano, zoweta gawo kuwala atatu Jiji Xuchuang, Tianfu kulankhulana ndi Yisheng latsopano, mtengo msika anafika yuan biliyoni 140, yuan biliyoni 60, biliyoni 55, amene kutsogolera Zhongji Xuchuang ku mtengo msika kupitirira yapita msika kuwala gawo makampani. Choyamba Chogwirizana (mtengo waposachedwa wa msika wa pafupifupi 63 biliyoni wa Yuan), malo oyamba padziko lapansi m'bale.

Kukula kwamphamvu kwa mapulogalamu omwe akubwera monga 5G, AI, ndi malo opangira ma data akuyimilira pa tuyere, ndipo tsogolo lamakampani opanga ma module apanyumba akuwonekeratu.