Gukura kwa moderi nziza

Mu miyoboro y'itumanaho rya optique, modul optique igira uruhare runini. Irashinzwe guhindura ibimenyetso byamashanyarazi mubimenyetso bya optique no guhindura ibimenyetso bya optique byakiriwe mubimenyetso byamashanyarazi, bityo bikarangiza kohereza no kwakira amakuru. Kubwibyo, optique modules nubuhanga bwingenzi bwo guhuza no kugera ku makuru yihuse yohereza amakuru.

Hamwe niterambere ryubwenge bwubuhanga, amarushanwa yo kubara ingufu yabaye intambara nshya yo guhangana hagati yamasosiyete yikoranabuhanga. Nkigice cyingenzi cyitumanaho rya fibre optique, modul optique ni ibikoresho bya optoelectronic bimenyesha guhinduranya ifoto yumuriro hamwe nimikorere ya electro-optique mugikorwa cyo kohereza ibimenyetso bya optique, kandi imikorere yabyo igira ingaruka itaziguye kuri sisitemu ya AI.

Module optique yahindutse ibyuma byingenzi byingirakamaro byimbaraga zo kubara AI hiyongereyeho GPU, HBM, amakarita y'urusobe, hamwe na switch. Turabizi ko moderi nini zisaba imbaraga zo kubara zo gutunganya no gusesengura amakuru menshi. Umuyoboro mwiza w'itumanaho utanga uburyo bwihuse kandi bunoze bwo kohereza amakuru, akaba ari umusingi w'ingenzi kandi shingiro ryo gushyigikira iki cyifuzo kinini cyo kubara.

Ku ya 30 Ugushyingo 2022, ChatGPT yararekuwe, kandi kuva icyo gihe, isi yose yerekana imideli minini. Vuba aha, Sora, icyitegererezo kinini cya videwo y’umuco n’ibinyabuzima, cyakuruye isoko, kandi icyifuzo cy’ingufu zo kubara kigaragaza iterambere ryiyongera. Raporo yashyizwe ahagaragara na OpenAI yerekana ko kuva mu 2012, ingufu zikoreshwa mu kubara zikoreshwa mu mahugurwa ya AI yikubye kabiri buri mezi 3-4, kandi kuva 2012, imbaraga zo kubara AI ziyongereyeho inshuro zirenga 300000. Ibyiza byihariye bya optique modules ntagushidikanya guhuza neza ibikenewe na AI muburyo bwo gukora cyane-kubara no kwagura porogaramu.

Module optique ifite umuvuduko mwinshi hamwe nubukererwe buke, irashobora gutanga ubushobozi bukomeye bwo gutunganya amakuru mugihe itanga amakuru neza. Kandi umurongo wa optique module nini, bivuze ko ishobora gutunganya amakuru menshi icyarimwe. Intera ndende yohereza ituma amakuru yihuta yo guhanahana amakuru hagati yikigo gishoboka, gifasha kubaka imiyoboro ikwirakwizwa rya AI kandi igateza imbere ikoreshwa rya tekinoroji ya AI mubice byinshi.

Mu myaka ibiri ishize, iyobowe na AI, igiciro cyimigabane ya Nvidia cyazamutse. Ubwa mbere, mu mpera za Gicurasi 2023, imari shingiro yisoko yarenze miriyari y'amadorari kunshuro yambere. Mu ntangiriro za 2024, yageze ku gipimo cya tiriyari 2 z'amadolari y'agaciro k'isoko.

Chips ya Nvidia iragurishwa nkumusazi. Raporo y’igihembwe cya kane iheruka kwinjiza, raporo y’igihembwe yinjije yinjije miliyari 22.1 z'amadolari y’Amerika, ikaba yiyongereyeho 22% kuva mu gihembwe cya gatatu na 265% ugereranije n’icyo gihe cyashize umwaka ushize, kandi inyungu yazamutseho 769%, ibyo bikaba byatsinze cyane ibyo abasesenguzi bari biteze. Mu makuru yinjira muri Nvidia, nta gushidikanya ko amakuru ari ishami rimurika cyane. Nk’uko imibare ibigaragaza, igice cya kane cy’ibicuruzwa byibanda kuri AI cyagurishijwe kigera kuri miliyari 18.4 z'amadolari kuva kuri miliyari 3.6 $ umwaka ushize, ubwiyongere bw’umwaka burenga 400%.

Kandi hamwe no gukura kwa Nvidia gutangaje, munsi ya catalizike yumurongo wubwenge bwubuhanga, ibigo bimwe na bimwe bya optique module yo murugo byageze kumikorere runaka. Zhongji Xuchuang yinjije miliyari 10.725 mu mwaka wa 2023, umwaka ushize wiyongeraho 11.23%; Inyungu yabonetse yari miliyari 2.181 Yuan, umwaka ushize wiyongereyeho 78.19%. Itumanaho rya Tianfu ryinjije miliyari 1.939 Yuan mu 2023, umwaka ushize wiyongereyeho 62.07%; Inyungu yabonetse yari miliyoni 730 Yuan, umwaka ushize wiyongereyeho 81.14%.

Usibye kwiyongera kubisabwa muburyo bwa optique mubwenge bwubwenge bwa AI bwo kubara, ibyifuzo byo kubaka ikigo cyamakuru nabyo biriyongera.

Urebye kuri data center y'urusobekerane rwubatswe, rushingiye kubisubizo biriho 100G, guhura numuyoboro utabuza kwinjiza amakuru yikigo kingana kimwe bisaba kongeramo ibyambu byinshi, umwanya munini wa seriveri na sisitemu, hamwe na seriveri nyinshi. Ibi bisubizo ntabwo bikoresha amafaranga menshi kandi biganisha kuri geometrike yiyongera muburyo bugoye bwububiko.

Kwimuka uva kuri 100G ukagera kuri 400G nuburyo buhendutse bwo kwinjiza umurongo mwinshi mubigo byamakuru, mugihe kandi bigabanya ubunini bwububiko.

Iteganyirizwa ryisoko rya 400G no hejuru yumuvuduko optique modules

Dukurikije uko Light Counting yahanuye ibicuruzwa bifitanye isano na 400G na 800G, urukurikirane rwa SR / FR nicyo gicuruzwa nyamukuru gikura mu bigo by’amakuru no kuri interineti:

Biteganijwe ko ibiciro bya optique 400G bizashyirwa ku gipimo mu 2023, kandi bizatwara igice kinini cy’amafaranga yinjira mu bicuruzwa bya optique (40G no hejuru y’ibiciro) mu 2025:

Amakuru akubiyemo ibigo byose bya ICP hamwe nibigo byamakuru

Mu Bushinwa, Alibaba, Baidu, JD, Byte, Kwai hamwe n’abandi bakora inganda zikomeye za interineti zo mu gihugu, nubwo imyubakire y’ikigo cy’amakuru ikomeje kwiganjemo ibyambu bya 25G cyangwa 56G, igisekuru kizaza giteganya hamwe kwerekana 112G SerDes ishingiye ku mashanyarazi yihuta cyane Imigaragarire.

Hamwe niterambere ryiterambere rya siyanse nikoranabuhanga, umuyoboro wa 5G wabaye imwe mu ngingo zishyushye murwego rwitumanaho ryubu. Ikoranabuhanga rya 5G ntirizaduha gusa umuvuduko wo kohereza amakuru byihuse, ahubwo rizanashyigikira amasano menshi hagati yibikoresho, bityo bitume bishoboka cyane mumijyi yubwenge izaza, ibinyabiziga byigenga na interineti yibintu. Nyamara, inyuma ya 5G umuyoboro, hari tekinoroji ninshi zingenzi nibikoresho bifasha, imwe murimwe ni module optique.

Umuyoboro muremure wa optique module uzakoreshwa muguhuza DU na AAU ya 5G RF ya sitasiyo ya kure. Mugihe cya 4G, BBU yari ishami ryogutunganya baseband ya sitasiyo fatizo, mugihe RRU yari radio yumurongo wa radio. Mu rwego rwo kugabanya igihombo cyoherejwe hagati ya BBU na RRU, hakoreshejwe fibre optique, izwi kandi nka gahunda yo kohereza imbere, yakunze gukoreshwa. Mugihe cya 5G, imiyoboro itagendanwa itagira umurongo izaba igizwe nigicu cyuzuye, hamwe numuyoboro woguhuza umurongo (C-RAN) .C-RAN itanga igisubizo gishya kandi cyiza. Abakoresha barashobora guhuza umubare wibikoresho bisabwa kuri buri sitasiyo fatizo ya selire binyuze muri C-RAN kandi bagatanga imirimo nko kohereza ibicu bya CU, uburyo bwo kubona ibikoresho muri pisine, hamwe nubunini bwurwego.

5G imbere-ihererekanyabubasha izakoresha ubushobozi bunini bwa optique modules. Kugeza ubu, sitasiyo ya 4G LTE ikoresha cyane cyane 10G optique. Umuyoboro mwinshi cyane hamwe numuyoboro mwinshi uranga 5G, hamwe no gukoresha tekinoroji ya MassiveMIMO, bisaba itumanaho rya ultra Broadband optique module itumanaho. Kugeza ubu, C-RAN iragerageza kugabanya umuvuduko wa interineti ya CPRI yimura urwego rwumubiri rwa DU mu gice cya AAU, bityo bikagabanya ibyifuzo byumuvuduko mwinshi wa optique kandi bigafasha 25G / 100G optique kugirango byuzuze ibisabwa byogukwirakwiza cyane by'ejo hazaza 5G "itumanaho ryinshi". Kubwibyo, mugihe kizaza cyo kubaka C-RAN urwego rwibanze, 100G optique module izaba ifite amahirwe menshi.

5G yoherejwe

Ongera mubare: Muri gahunda ya sitasiyo ya sitasiyo gakondo hamwe na DU imwe ihuza 3 AAU, module 12 optique irakenewe; Kwemeza morphism isabwa kuri sitasiyo fatizo optique ya module ya tekinoroji igera kuri tekinoroji izarushaho kwiyongera. Dufata ko muri iyi gahunda, DU imwe ihuza 5 AAU, modul 20 optique irakenewe.

Incamake:

Nk’uko bitangazwa na LightCounting, mu icumi ba mbere ku isi batanga amasoko ya optique yo kugurisha mu mwaka wa 2010, hari uruganda rumwe rukora mu gihugu, Wuhan Telecom Devices. Mu 2022, umubare w'abakora inganda mu Bushinwa kuri urwo rutonde wiyongereye kugera kuri 7, Zhongji Xuchuang na Coherent banganya umwanya wa mbere; Inganda zUbushinwa zongereye isoko ryazo mubice bya optique hamwe na module kuva 15% muri 2010 igera kuri 50% muri 2021.

Kugeza ubu, module ya optique yo mu gihugu itatu Jiji Xuchuang, itumanaho rya Tianfu na Yisheng nshya, agaciro k’isoko kageze kuri miliyari 140 Yuan, miliyari 60, miliyari 55, muri zo Zhongji Xuchuang uyoboye agaciro k’isoko urenze inganda zabanje ku isi. mbere Coherent (isoko rya vuba rifite agaciro ka miliyari 63 Yuan), kumugaragaro umwanya wa mbere wumuvandimwe kwisi.

Iterambere riturika ryibikorwa bigenda bigaragara nka 5G, AI, hamwe na data center bihagaze kuri tuyere, kandi ejo hazaza h’inganda zo mu bwoko bwa optique module irateganijwe.