Kukura kwe optical modules

Mune optical communication network, optical modules inoita basa rakakosha. Iyo ine basa rekushandura masaini emagetsi kuita masaini masaini uye kushandura yakagamuchirwa masaini masaini kudzoka mumasaini emagetsi, nekudaro kupedzisa kutapurirana uye kugamuchira data. Naizvozvo, optical modules ndiyo yakakosha tekinoroji yekubatanidza uye kuwana yakakwira-kumhanya kufambisa data.

Nekuvandudzwa kwehungwaru hwekugadzira, makwikwi emagetsi emakomputa yave nhandare nyowani yekurwira pakati pemakambani ehunyanzvi. Sechikamu chakakosha che optical fiber communication, optical modules ari optoelectronic madivayiri anoona photoelectric conversion uye electro-optical conversion mabasa arikuitwa optical signal transmission, uye kuita kwavo kunobata zvakanangana neAI systems.

Optical modules ave anonyanya kukosha emidziyo yeAI computing simba kuwedzera kune GPU, HBM, network makadhi, uye switch. Isu tinoziva kuti mamodheru makuru anoda simba rine simba rekombuta kugadzirisa uye kuongorora huwandu hukuru hwe data. Optical communication network inopa yakakwirira-kumhanya uye inoshanda data data mode, inova hwaro hwakakosha uye hwaro hwakasimba hwekutsigira ichi chikuru chinodiwa chekombuta.

Musi wa30 Mbudzi, 2022, ChatGPT yakaburitswa, uye kubva ipapo, kushuva kwepasi rose kwemamodeli makuru kwakapfuura. Munguva ichangopfuura, Sora, muenzaniso mukuru wemavhidhiyo etsika uye zvipenyu, yakamutsa kufarira kwemusika, uye kudiwa kwesimba remakomputa kuri kuratidza maitiro ekukura.Chirevo chakaburitswa neOpenAI chinoratidza kuti kubvira 2012, kudiwa kwesimba rekombuta kweAI yekudzidzira maapplication. yakapetwa kaviri mwedzi 3-4 yega yega, uye kubvira 2012, AI komputa simba rakakura nekanopfuura 300000 nguva. Izvo zvakanakira mabhenefiti eOptical module pasina kupokana zvinonyatsoenderana nezvinodiwa zveAI maererano nepamusoro-kuita komputa kuita uye kuwedzera application.

Iyo optical module ine yakakwira yekumhanya uye yakaderera latency maitiro, ayo anogona kupa ane simba ekugadzirisa data kugona uku uchisimbisa kutapurirana kwedata. Uye bandwidth ye optical module yakakura, zvinoreva kuti inogona kugadzirisa mamwe data panguva imwe chete. Iyo yakareba yekufambisa kureba inoita yakakwirira-yekukurumidza kuchinjanisa data pakati penzvimbo dzedata zvinogoneka, iyo inobatsira kuvaka yakagoverwa AI komputa network uye inosimudzira kushandiswa kweAI tekinoroji munzvimbo dzakakura dzeminda.

Mumakore maviri apfuura, ichitungamirwa neafungu reAI, mutengo wemugove waNvidia wakakwira. Kutanga, pakupera kwaChivabvu 2023, mari yemusika yakapfuura matrillion emadhora kekutanga. Mukutanga kwa2024, yakasvika pamusoro pemadhora mazana maviri emadhora mukukosha kwemusika.

Nvidia machipisi arikutengesa kunge anopenga. Sekureva kwemushumo wayo wekupedzisira wekota yechina, mari yekota yakarova rekodhi $22.1 bhiriyoni, yakakwira 22% kubva pachikamu chechitatu uye 265% kubva panguva imwecheteyo gore rapfuura, uye purofiti yakakwira 769%, ichirova zvakanyanya zvinotarisirwa nevanoongorora. Mune data remari yeNvidia, iyo data data pasina mubvunzo ndiyo inonyanya kupenya dhipatimendi. Sekureva kwehuwandu, iyo AI-yakatarisana nechikamu chechina yekutengesa yakakwira kusvika pamadhora 18.4 bhiriyoni kubva pamadhora 3.6 bhiriyoni gore rapfuura, chiyero chekukura kwegore chinodarika mazana mana muzana.

Uye mukuwirirana nekukura kunoshamisa kwaNvidia, pasi pekugadzirisa kwemafungu ehungwaru hwekugadzira, mamwe mabhizinesi epamba optical module akawana mamwe maitiro. Zhongji Xuchuang akawana mari inosvika 10.725 bhiriyoni yuan muna 2023, gore negore kuwedzera kwe11.23%; Iyo mambure purofiti yaive 2.181 bhiriyoni yuan, gore-pa-gore kuwedzera kwe78.19%. Tianfu Communication yakawana mari ye1.939 bhiriyoni yuan muna 2023, gore negore kuwedzera kwe62.07%; Iyo mambure purofiti yaive 730 miriyoni yuan, gore-pa-gore kuwedzera kwe81.14%.

Pamusoro pekuwedzera kuri kudiwa kwemaoptical modules mune artificial intelligence AI computing simba, kudiwa kwekuvakwa kwedata centre kuri kukura zvakare.

Kubva pakuona kwe data center network architecture, yakavakirwa pane iripo 100G mhinduro, kusangana neiyo isingavharidzi network throughput ye data centers yehukuru hwakafanana inoda kuwedzera mamwe madoko, yakawanda rack nzvimbo yemaseva uye switch, uye yakawanda server rack nzvimbo. Izvi zvinogadziriswa hazvisi mari-zvinobatsira uye zvinotungamirira kukuwedzera kwejometri mukuoma kwekuvakwa kwetiweki.

Kutama kubva ku100G kuenda ku400G inzira inodhura yekupinza mamwe bandwidth munzvimbo dzedata, nepo ichideredza kuomarara kwekuvaka network.

Kufanotaura kwemusika kwe400G uye pamusoro pekumhanya optical modules

Zvinoenderana nekufanotaura kweChiedza Kuverenga kwe400G uye 800G zvigadzirwa zvine hukama, SR/FR nhevedzano ndiyo huru yekukura chigadzirwa chenzvimbo dzedata uye nzvimbo dzeInternet:

Zvinofungidzirwa kuti 400G rate optical modules ichaiswa pamwero mu2023, uye ichagara yakawanda yekutengesa mari ye optical modules (40G uye pamusoro pemitengo) muna 2025:

Dhata inosanganisira ese ICP uye bhizinesi data nzvimbo

MuChina, Alibaba, Baidu, JD, Byte, Kwai uye mamwe makuru ekugadzira Internet epamba, kunyangwe iwo mavakirwo enzvimbo yavo yedata achiri kutungamirwa ne25G kana 56G ports, chizvarwa chinotevera kuronga kwakabatana kunongedza ku112G SerDes yakavakirwa high-speed magetsi. interfaces.

Nekuenderera mberi kwekuenderera mberi kwesainzi uye tekinoroji, 5G network yave imwe yemisoro inopisa mundima yanhasi yekutaurirana. 5G tekinoroji haizongotipa nekukurumidza kufambisa data, asiwo inotsigira hukama hwakawanda pakati pemidziyo, nekudaro ichigadzira mikana yakawanda yemaguta akangwara emangwana, mota dzinozvimiririra uye Internet yezvinhu. Nekudaro, kuseri kweiyo 5G network, kune akawanda akakosha matekinoroji uye tsigiro yemidziyo, imwe yacho iri optical module.

Iyo yepamusoro bandwidth optical module ichashandiswa kubatanidza iyo DU neAAU ye5G RF iri kure base chiteshi. Munguva ye4G, BBU yaive baseband processing unit yezviteshi zvepasi, nepo RRU yaive redhiyo frequency unit. Kuti uderedze kurasikirwa kwekutapurirana pakati peBBU neRRU, optical fiber connection, inozivikanwawo sechirongwa chekuendesa mberi, yaiwanzoshandiswa. Munguva ye5G, mitambo yekuwana isina waya ichave yakazara gore, ine centralized wireless access network (C-RAN) .C-RAN inopa imwe nzira itsva uye inoshanda. Vashandi vanogona kugadzirisa huwandu hwemidziyo inodiwa kune yega yega cellular base station kuburikidza neC-RAN uye nekupa mabasa akadai seCU cloud deployment, zviwanikwa zvekushandisa mumadziva, uye network scalability.

5G kumberi-kuguma kutapurirana kuchashandisa yakakura kugona optical modules. Parizvino, 4G LTE base zviteshi zvinonyanya kushandisa 10G optical modules. Iyo yakakwirira-frequency spectrum uye yakakwirira bandwidth maitiro e5G, pamwe chete nekushandiswa kweMassiveMIMO tekinoroji, inoda ultra wideband optical module kutaurirana. Parizvino, C-RAN iri kuedza kuderedza CPRI interface speed kuburikidza nekufambisa chidimbu chemuviri cheDU kune chikamu cheAAU, nokudaro kuderedza kudiwa kwepamusoro bandwidth optical modules uye zvichiita kuti 25G / 100G optical modules isangane ne-ultra-high bandwidth transmission zvinodiwa. yeramangwana 5G "high-frequency" kutaurirana. Nokudaro, mune ramangwana rekuvaka kweC-RAN framework base stations, 100G optical modules ichava nekukwanisa kukuru.

5G base station deployment

Wedzera muhuwandu: Mune yechinyakare base station scheme ine imwechete DU inobatanidza 3 AAU, 12 optical modules inodiwa; Yakagamuchirwa morphism kudiwa kweiyo base station optical module yeiyo frequency yekusvika tekinoroji ichawedzera kuwedzera. Isu tinofungidzira kuti muchirongwa ichi, imwe chete DU inobatanidza 5 AAU, makumi maviri optical modules inodiwa.

Pfupiso:

Sekureva kweLightCounting, pakati pevatengesi vepamusoro gumi vepasi rose optical module muna 2010, paingova nemugadziri mumwe chete wepamba, Wuhan Telecom Devices. Muna 2022, nhamba yevagadziri veChinese pane rondedzero yakawedzera kusvika pa7, naZhongji Xuchuang uye Coherent vakasungirirwa panzvimbo yepamusoro; Vagadziri veChinese vakawedzera chikamu chavo chemusika muzvikamu zvemaziso uye mamodule kubva pa15% muna 2010 kusvika pa50% muna 2021.

Parizvino, mudzimba optical module matatu Jiji Xuchuang, Tianfu kutaurirana uye Yisheng itsva, kukosha kwemusika kwakasvika 140 bhiriyoni yuan, 60 bhiriyoni Yuan, 55 bhiriyoni yuan, iyo inotungamira Zhongji Xuchuang kubva pamusika kukosha kupfuura yapfuura yepasi rose optical module indasitiri. kutanga Coherent (ichangoburwa pamusika ukoshi anenge mabhiriyoni 63 Yuan), zviri pamutemo nyika yokutanga hama chinzvimbo.

Kukura kuri kuwedzera kwezvikumbiro zviri kubuda senge 5G, AI, uye nzvimbo dzedhata dzakamira pa tuyere, uye ramangwana remumba optical module indasitiri inofanoona.