Ukukhula kweemodyuli zamehlo

Kuthungelwano lonxibelelwano lwamehlo, iimodyuli zamehlo zidlala indima ebalulekileyo. Inoxanduva lokuguqula imiqondiso yombane kwimiqondiso ye-optical kunye nokuguqula imiqondiso ye-optical efunyenweyo ibuyele kwimiqondiso yombane, ngaloo ndlela igqibezela ukuhanjiswa kunye nokwamkelwa kwedatha. Ngoko ke, iimodyuli ze-optical ziyi-teknoloji ephambili yokudibanisa kunye nokufezekisa ukuhanjiswa kwedatha ye-high-speed.

Ngophuhliso lobukrelekrele bokwenziwa, ukhuphiswano lwamandla ekhompyuter luye lwaba libala elitsha lokulwa phakathi kweenkampani zobugcisa. Njengenxalenye ebalulekileyo yokunxibelelana kwe-fiber optical, iimodyuli ze-optical zizixhobo ze-optoelectronic eziqonda ukuguqulwa kwe-photoelectric kunye nemisebenzi yokuguqulwa kwe-electro-optical kwinkqubo yokuhanjiswa kwesignali ye-optical, kwaye ukusebenza kwabo kunempembelelo ngqo kwiinkqubo ze-AI.

Iimodyuli ze-Optical ziye zaba zezona zinto ziyimfuneko kwikhompyuter ye-AI ukongeza kwi-GPU, i-HBM, amakhadi enethiwekhi, kunye nokutshintsha. Siyazi ukuba iimodeli ezinkulu zifuna amandla amakhulu ekhompyuter ukuze kuqhutywe kwaye kuhlalutywe inani elikhulu ledatha. Inethiwekhi yonxibelelwano ye-Optical ibonelela ngesantya esiphezulu kunye nemowudi yokuhanjiswa kwedatha esebenzayo, esisiseko esibalulekileyo kunye nesiseko esiluqilima sokuxhasa le mfuno inkulu yekhompyuter.

Ngomhla wama-30 kaNovemba ka-2022, i-ChatGPT yakhululwa, kwaye ukusukela ngoko, umnqweno wehlabathi weemodeli ezinkulu uye watshayela. Kutshanje, i-Sora, imodeli enkulu yeevidiyo zenkcubeko kunye nebhayoloji, iye yabangela umdla wentengiso, kwaye imfuno yamandla ekhompyuter ibonisa ukukhula okubonakalayo.Ingxelo ekhutshwe yi-OpenAI ibonisa ukuba ukusukela ngo-2012, imfuno yamandla ekhompyuter kwizicelo zoqeqesho lwe-AI. iphindwe kabini rhoqo kwiinyanga ze-3-4, kwaye ukususela ngo-2012, amandla ekhompyutheni ye-AI akhule ngaphezu kwe-300000 amaxesha. Iingenelo zendalo zeemodyuli ze-optical ngokungathandabuzekiyo zihlangabezana ngokugqibeleleyo neemfuno ze-AI ngokubhekiselele ekusebenzeni okuphezulu kwekhompyutheni kunye nokwandiswa kwesicelo.

Imodyuli ye-optical inesantya esiphezulu kunye neempawu ezisezantsi ze-latency, ezinokubonelela ngezakhono ezinamandla zokucwangcisa idatha ngelixa uqinisekisa ukuhanjiswa kwedatha. Kwaye i-bandwidth yemodyuli ye-optical inkulu, oku kuthetha ukuba inokucubungula idatha eninzi ngaxeshanye. Umgama omde wothumelo wenza utshintshiselwano lwedatha yesantya esiphezulu phakathi kwamaziko edatha kunokwenzeka, okunceda ukwakha uthungelwano lwekhompyutha ye-AI esasazwayo kunye nokukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kobuchwepheshe be-AI kuluhlu olubanzi lweenkalo.

Kule minyaka mibini idlulileyo, iqhutywa liza le-AI, ixabiso lesabelo sikaNvidia linyukile. Okokuqala, ekupheleni kukaMeyi ka-2023, i-capitalization yemarike igqithise uphawu lwetriliyoni yedola okokuqala. Ekuqaleni kuka-2024, yafikelela kwincopho ye-2 yeetriliyoni zeedola kwixabiso lemarike.

Iichips zikaNvidia zithengisa ngathi ziyaphambana. Ngokwengxelo yayo yamva nje yekota yesine yengeniso, ingeniso yekota ifike kwirekhodi yeebhiliyoni ezingama-22.1 zeedola, inyuke ngama-22% ukusuka kwikota yesithathu kunye ne-265% ukusuka kwithuba elifanayo kulo nyaka uphelileyo, kwaye inzuzo yenyuka ngama-769%, ibetha kakhulu okulindelwe ngabahlalutyi. Kwidatha yengeniso yeNvidia, iziko ledatha ngokungathandabuzekiyo lisebe elikhanyayo kakhulu. Ngokwezibalo, icandelo le-AI-ligxile kwintengiso yekota yesine inyuke yaya kutsho kwi-18,4 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi ukusuka kwi-3.6 yeebhiliyoni zeedola kunyaka ophelileyo, izinga lokukhula lonyaka elingaphezu kwama-400 ekhulwini.

Kwaye ngokuhambelana nokukhula okumangalisayo kukaNvidia, phantsi kwe-catalysis yamaza obukrelekrele bokwenziwa, amanye amashishini emodyuli yasekhaya aphumelele ukusebenza okuthile. UZhongji Xuchuang uzuze ingeniso ye-10.725 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan ngo-2023, ukunyuka konyaka-ngonyaka nge-11.23%; Inzuzo yesambuku yayiyi-2.181 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan, ukunyuka konyaka-ngonyaka ngama-78.19%. Unxibelelwano lwe-Tianfu luzuze ingeniso ye-1.939 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan ngo-2023, ukunyuka konyaka-ngonyaka nge-62.07%; Inzuzo eseleyo yayizizigidi ezingama-730 zeeyuan, ukunyuka konyaka-ngonyaka nge-81.14%.

Ukongeza kwimfuno ekhulayo yeemodyuli ze-optical intelligence intelligence AI computing power, imfuno yokwakhiwa kweziko ledatha iyakhula.

Ngokombono woyilo lwenethiwekhi yedatha, esekelwe kwizisombululo ze-100G ezikhoyo, ukuhlangabezana ne-non-blocking network throughput of data centers of the size efanayo ifuna ukongeza amachweba, i-rack space yamaseva kunye nokutshintsha, kunye ne-server rack space. Ezi zisombululo aziyindleko kwaye zikhokelela ekunyuseni kwejometri kubunzima boyilo lwenethiwekhi.

Ukufuduka ukusuka kwi-100G ukuya kwi-400G yindlela ebiza kakhulu yokufaka i-bandwidth engaphezulu kumaziko edatha, ngelixa linciphisa ubunzima boyilo lwenethiwekhi.

Uqikelelo lwemarike ye-400G nangaphezulu kweemodyuli ze-optical speed

Ngokutsho kwe-Light Counting's prediction ye-400G kunye ne-800G yeemveliso ezinxulumene nazo, uchungechunge lwe-SR / FR luyimveliso ephambili yokukhula kumaziko edatha kunye namaziko e-Intanethi:

Kuqikelelwa ukuba i-400G ireyithi yeemodyuli ze-optical iya kuthunyelwa kwinqanaba le-2023, kwaye iya kuthatha uninzi lwengeniso yokuthengisa yeemodyuli ze-optical (40G nangaphezulu) kwi-2025:

Idatha ibandakanya yonke i-ICP kunye namaziko edatha yeshishini

E-China, i-Alibaba, i-Baidu, i-JD, i-Byte, i-Kwai kunye nabanye abavelisi abakhulu be-intanethi basekhaya, nangona i-architecture yangoku yamaziko abo edatha isalawulwa yi-25G okanye i-56G izibuko, isizukulwana esilandelayo sokucwangcisa ngokudibeneyo sikhomba kwi-112G SerDes esekelwe kwi-high-speed yombane. ujongano.

Ngenkqubela phambili eqhubekayo yesayensi kunye nobuchwepheshe, inethiwekhi ye-5G iye yaba yenye yezihloko ezishushu kwintsimi yonxibelelwano yanamhlanje. I-teknoloji ye-5G ayiyi kusinika kuphela isantya sokudlulisa idatha ngokukhawuleza, kodwa iphinde ixhase uxhulumaniso oluninzi phakathi kwezixhobo, ngaloo ndlela idala amathuba amaninzi kwizixeko ezihlakaniphile ezizayo, izithuthi ezizimeleyo kunye ne-Intanethi yezinto. Nangona kunjalo, emva kwenethiwekhi ye-5G, kukho ezininzi iteknoloji eziphambili kunye nenkxaso yezixhobo, enye yazo yimodyuli ye-optical.

Imodyuli ephezulu ye-bandwidth ebonakalayo iya kusetyenziswa ukuqhagamshela i-DU kunye ne-AAU ye-5G RF isikhululo esisekude. Ngexesha le-4G, i-BBU yayiyiyunithi yokucubungula i-baseband yezikhululo ezisisiseko, ngelixa i-RRU yayiyiyunithi yomsakazo werediyo. Ukuze kuncitshiswe ilahleko yokudluliselwa phakathi kwe-BBU kunye ne-RRU, uxhulumaniso lwefiber optical, eyaziwa ngokuba sisikimu sothumelo lwangaphambili, lwaluhlala lusetyenziswa. Ngexesha le-5G, iinethiwekhi zokufikelela ngaphandle kwamacingo ziya kuba zisekelwe kwilifu elipheleleyo, kunye nenethiwekhi ye-wireless access network (C-RAN) .C-RAN ibonelela ngesisombululo esitsha nesisebenzayo. Abaqhubi banokuhlengahlengisa inani lezixhobo ezifunekayo kwisikhululo ngasinye sesiseko seselula ngokusebenzisa i-C-RAN kunye nokubonelela ngemisebenzi efana ne-CU cloud deployment, i-resource virtualization kuma-pools, kunye ne-network scalability.

Ukuhanjiswa kwe-5G yangaphambili kuya kusebenzisa iimodyuli ezinkulu zamandla okukhanya. Okwangoku, izikhululo zesiseko ze-4G LTE zisebenzisa ikakhulu iimodyuli ze-10G ze-optical. I-spectrum ye-high-frequency spectrum kunye neempawu eziphezulu ze-bandwidth ye-5G, kunye nokusetyenziswa kweteknoloji ye-MassiveMIMO, ifuna unxibelelwano lwemodyuli ye-ultra wideband optical. Okwangoku, i-C-RAN izama ukunciphisa isantya se-interface ye-CPRI ngokufuduka kwinqanaba le-DU ukuya kwicandelo le-AAU, ngaloo ndlela inciphisa imfuno yeemodyuli ze-optical bandwidth kunye nokuvumela i-25G / 100G iimodyuli ze-optical ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ze-ultra-high bandwidth transmission. yonxibelelwano lwe-5G "high-frequency" ezayo. Ngoko ke, kulwakhiwo lwexesha elizayo lwezitishi zesiseko se-C-RAN, iimodyuli ze-100G ezibonakalayo ziya kuba namandla amakhulu.

Ukusasazwa kwesikhululo se-5G

Ukunyuka kwenani: Kwiskimu sesikhululo sesiseko semveli kunye ne-DU eyodwa edibanisa i-3 AAU, iimodyuli ze-12 ze-optical ziyadingeka; I-morphism eyamkelweyo imfuno yesiseko semodyuli ye-optical ye-frequency yetekhnoloji iya kunyuka ngakumbi. Sicinga ukuba kwesi sikimu, i-DU enye idibanisa i-5 AAU, iimodyuli ze-optical ezingama-20 ziyafuneka.

Isishwankathelo:

Ngokutsho kwe-LightCounting, phakathi kwabathengisi abalishumi abaphezulu bemodyuli yehlabathi jikelele ngo-2010, kwakukho umenzi omnye wasekhaya, i-Wuhan Telecom Devices. Kwi-2022, inani labavelisi baseTshayina kuloluhlu liye landa kwi-7, kunye noZhongji Xuchuang kunye ne-Coherent eboshwe kwindawo ephezulu; Abavelisi baseTshayina bandise isabelo sabo semarike kumacandelo optical kunye neemodyuli ukusuka kwi-15% kwi-2010 ukuya kwi-50% kwi-2021.

Okwangoku, imodyuli yasekhaya yasekhaya i-Jiji Xuchuang, unxibelelwano lwe-Tianfu kunye ne-Yisheng entsha, ixabiso lemarike lifikelele kwi-yuan ye-140 yeebhiliyoni, i-yuan ye-60 yeebhiliyoni, i-yuan ye-55 yeebhiliyoni, apho i-Zhongji Xuchuang ehamba phambili ukusuka kwixabiso lemarike ngaphaya koshishino lwangaphambili lwemodyuli yehlabathi. kuqala Ukuhambelana (ixabiso lemarike yakutshanje malunga yuan 63 billion), ngokusemthethweni indawo umzalwana wokuqala ehlabathini.

Ukukhula okugqabhukileyo kwezicelo ezivelayo ezifana ne-5G, i-AI, kunye namaziko edatha emi kwi-tuyere, kwaye ikamva loshishino lwemodyuli ye-optical yasekhaya ibonakala.